The feminine names of God

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Featured Question of the Week, Question of the Week by Micah Greenstein

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

There are 70 different names for God in the Hebrew Bible and sacred Jewish texts. Many are feminine, including Shechinah, which refers to the Indwellling/Closeness of God, and El Maleh Rachamim, which means God Full of Compassion (literally “like a Mother’s Womb”)! Even the biblical word for faith (Emunah) comes from the root word for mother (Em). A mother, therefore, is the source of faith, trust, and hope. One of my favorite Jewish expressions is, “God could not be everywhere, so God created mothers!”.

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The Divine is beyond human traits

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Question of the Week by Mark Matheny

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

Yes, we undervalue the feminine side. This has changed slowly over the years. Perhaps a straightforward starting point for understanding would be to acknowledge the mysterious, unlimited nature of the Divine, beyond all narrowing down to human traits that we tend to impose, including gender stereotypes.

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Jesus radically empowered the women in his life

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Question of the Week by Sandy Willson

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

We honor our mothers this weekend, just as Jesus loved and honored His.

Jesus Christ and His apostles also radically included and empowered all women in their lives and ministries, so the Christian faith, wherever it has gone in the world, has served to reverse the sinful human tendency to undervalue and oppress women. One can see this reversal vividly in the early centuries of the New Testament Church (see, for example, Chapter 5, The Rise of Christianity, by Rodney Stark), and one can observe it on the Christian mission field today. The New Testament teaches both equality of genders and also distinctiveness of roles in both marriage and church leadership, so that when God reveals Himself to us as Father, we grasp both His tender, caring love and also His authority. This divinely given order has obviously been perverted on many occasions, by both men and women, to the detriment of many; but when the biblical pattern has been followed, it has yielded great blessing for mothers, fathers, and their children.

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Even the Son of God had to be born of a Woman

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Featured Question of the Week, Question of the Week by Brandon Porter

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

First of all unquestionably man is the primary creation of humanity, but the woman was a necessary part in order for there to be procreation. So then woman was birthed out of mankind’s need for fulfillment and sustainment. God made Adam and Eve and respectfully gave them dominion over the earth.

All throughout scripture and history the need of womanhood or motherhood has been enormously substantiated. Even though Jesus was the Son of God, he had to be born of a Woman in order to properly atone for mans sins. It should also be noted that every human that we consider to have been a gift to the world, had to be first wrapped in the womb of a woman before his or her talent could be tested. That in itself is a great testimony to every mother, and that is to be given the opportunity to birth brand new Mercy to us every day. Who knows what the next mother will bring us as a gift from the Mind of God. Every birth though viewed as unexpected at times, was a part of the original Masters Plan. James 1:17 says “Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above and cometh down from the Father…” Therefore in my opinion if God chooses every gift he also chooses who brings it into the world! A package solidifies that the gift was intentional or on purpose; therefore, Gift-Wrapping is important to the gift and to the recipient.

Remember packages come in all shapes, sizes and colors but they are still considered Gifts….Happy Mother’s Day!

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Faith transcends all earthly status

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Question of the Week by David Hall

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

I don’t believe women are undervalued and especially Motherhood. Everyone born has had a mother, including Jesus. At this date sexual gender is more political than not. Anyway, Motherhood is an earthly status. Faith transcends it all.

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Like most things religious, the role of women is complicated

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Featured Question of the Week, Question of the Week by David Mason

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

This coming Mother’s Day, Mormons in churches around the globe will inevitably join each other in singing their cherished hymn, “O My Father”. Yes, it’s as ironic as it sounds. But, like most things religious, this is more complicated than it seems.

The Mormon habit of singing “O My Father” on Mother’s Day arises from a radical idea expressed by the hymn’s final verses. “In the heavens/Are parents single?/No, the thought makes reason stare!/Truth is reason; truth eternal/Tells me I’ve a mother there.” So go the lyrics that Eliza R. Snow wrote in 1845. The final verse begins, “When I leave this frail existence,/When I leave this mortal by,/Father, Mother, may I meet you/In your royal courts on high.”

The Mormon singing of “O My Father” on Mother’s Day is really an affirmation of a belief in a female deity, another one of the peculiarities that keeps Mormonism strange, and one that surely shows how Mormons don’t undervalue women.

But, like most things religious, this is more complicated than it seems.

Mormonism doesn’t give its divine Mother any identity, and it places her in a traditional partnership with a paternal god. Apart from the radical idea itself, Mormonism’s Mother in Heaven simply makes female subordination into a cosmic principle. The Mormon Father runs things, the Mormon Mother keeps out of the way.

But, like most things religious, this too is more complicated than it seems.

Many Mormonisms are trying very hard to be liked. Warren Jeffs and his crew, not so much. But the LDS church and the Community of Christ, the two largest Mormon denominations, want very much for the world to accept them, especially the Christian world. Since the Christian scriptures offer nothing in the way of a female deity, and since traditional Christian culture rejects the idea (the Virgin Mary, notwithstanding), Mormonism’s determination to make itself Christian prevents it from developing this pleasantly radical idea any further.

Mormonism may be a good model of the ambivalence about gender roles that we find in all religions. On the one hand, Mormonism reaches toward a parity it naturally intuits. On the other hand, it can’t bring itself to grab it. Religions do undervalue women. But they try very hard not to want to.

Tolstoy tried to simplify things. For the Count, emerging religions throughout history always started with the recognition of human equality. But, then, Tolstoy writes, “immediately those to whom inequality was advantageous endeavored to conceal this essential feature.” So, religions emerge with radical, progressive ideas, but inevitably give themselves over to the self-aggrandizement of the few to whom aggrandizement is important.

And, like most things religious and otherwise, Tolstoy’s insight is more complicated than it seems. Perhaps the Russian reads differently, but in at least one English translation, Tolstoy writes that new religions “always included the recognition of the equality of men…”

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Women implement religions’ teachings

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Question of the Week by Nicholas Vieron

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

Not for us who worship in the Shadow of The Cross. We have Mary, the Blessed Mother of Our Lord – one of us, chosen by God to be His Theotokos (Birth Giver) on earth in the great Miracle of The Incarnation – the marriage between Heaven and Earth. It was the Samaritan Woman at the well who became one of Our Lord’s first evangelist. It was the Myrrhbearers who first proclaimed His Resurrection. Men may have founded the worlds great religions but it was women who implemented their teachings. They still do.

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Acknowledging God’s motherhood may lead to a more just world

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Question of the Week, Spotlight Answers by Steve Montgomery

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

There is no doubt that through the years leaders of the church, primarily men, have undervalued the female images for God found in scripture…”like a mother who will not forsake her nursing child;” or God as a midwife who, according to the psalmist “drew me out of the womb and entrusted me to my mother’s breast.” While we need not reject the Fatherhood of God, we would do well to balance that image with the Motherhood of God. Perhaps this would lead to a more just church and a more just world.

We also should not forget the reason Julia Ward Howe organized Mother’s Day. It was not for Hallmark’s sake, but out of grief for the number of sons lost in war.  “We, the women of one country, will be too tender of those of an other country to allow our sons to be trained to injure theirs…” Want to support motherhood? Put an end to war.
Acknowledging

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Plenty of proof in Bible for God the Mother

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Spotlight Answers by Chris Altrock

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

When God decided to place within creation a creature who would represent him, and through whom we might better understand him, God settled on a man and a woman—not just a man: 26 Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the wild animals, and over all the creatures that move along the ground.”  27 So God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them.

In other words, God’s image is only fully seen when viewed through both men and women. There are some aspects of men which best illuminate the nature of God. There are some aspects of women which best illuminate the nature of God. Both are needed to comprehensively image God.

Unfortunately, this foundational truth is often obscured.  Author Rachel Held Evans draws attention to recent comments by popular evangelical leader John Piper: “God revealed Himself in the Bible pervasively as king not queen; father not mother–The second person of the Trinity is revealed as the eternal Son not daughter–God appoints all the priests in the Old Testament to be men; the Son of God came into the world to be a man; He chose 12 men to be His apostles; the apostles appointed that the overseers of the Church be men. . .Now, from all of that I conclude that God has given Christianity a masculine feel. . .

Some of the facts listed by Piper are indeed true. But what is particularly troubling is the final statement: “God has given Christianity a masculine feel.”  This betrays the reality that when God imaged himself, he did so through a male and a female, not merely through a male.

This explains why, throughout Old and New Testaments, feminine qualities become critically important to understanding the nature of God.

  • God describes himself as a “mama bear” robbed of her cubs (Hos. 13:8).
  • God likens himself to a mother comforting her child (Is. 66:13).
  • God defines himself as a nursing mother who cannot forget her child (Is. 49:15).
  • God sees himself as a woman crying out in labor pains (Is. 42:14).
  • God is the mother in whose arms we quiet and calm ourselves (Ps. 131:2).
  • God is the mistress to whose hands the maid looks for provision and mercy (Ps. 123:2-3).
  • Jesus envisions himself as a “mother hen” who longs to provide warmth and shelter to his chicks (Matt. 23:37).
  • Jesus speaks of God as a woman who loses a valuable possession and refuses to stop searching until she finds it (Luke 15:8-10).

Henri Nouwen writes about Rembrandt’s painting “Return of the Prodigal Son” based on the story told by Jesus in Luke 15. The visual center of the painting is the hands of the father placed loving on the repentant prodigal son. But, as Nouwen writes, the hands are quite different: “The father’s left hand touching the son’s shoulder is strong and muscular. The fingers are spread out and cover a large part of the prodigal son’s shoulder and back. . .That hand seems not only to touch, but, with its strength, also to hold. . .How different is the father’s right hand! This hand does not hold or grasp. It is refined, soft, and very tender. The fingers are close to each other and they have an elegant quality. It lies gently on the son’s shoulder. It wants to caress, to stroke, and to offer consolation and comfort. It is a mother’s hand.” (Image, 1992), 98-99.

Rembrandt was trying to capture a significant truth of the Bible. We cannot understand God’s nature through only one gender. Both are needed to fully reveal who God is and who he’s called us to be.

So, on this Mother’s Day, let’s remember God the mama bear, God the nursing mother, God the mother hen, and God the woman of the house.  We’ll find in these metaphors deep truths we and our world deeply need.

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Women played, and continue to play, a role in Church leadership

May 11, 2012 in Do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?, Question of the Week, Spotlight Answers by Carla Meisterman

In a world in which most religions begin with God the Father or some sort of male image of the divine, and are founded by male figures such as Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad, do we undervalue Motherhood or the role of women in faith?

I grew up in a home where there was definitely a preferred way of interpreting scripture and a real prejudice toward those who did not believe like “we believe”. One of the stickiest issues in my upbringing was the role of women – in the church and in the home. Looking back to my childhood in the fifties, it was clear that growing up in my household meant women were subservient. That understanding was generational and came out of the patriarchal manner that scripture was interpreted in my parents’ and my paternal grandparents’ church of choice. It was a pretty oppressive way to grow up. Needless to say, a lot changed for me as I began to question the way theology was embodied in my family of origin. I was fortunate to have three Catholic families in my life who helped me begin to grasp the theological role that Mary plays in the Catholic church as a willing servant to God – willing to bear the purposes of God.

I was fortunate, as an adult, to find my way to a PC(USA) church – the church of my mother’s family. It has been Presbyterians who taught me about grace. It was my Presbyterian church that called a female minister, Rev. Louise Lawson, to lead us in worship and discipleship. And most important, it was the women of Germantown Presbyterian Church who expressed to me that they believed I was called to be a Minister of Word and Sacrament. Presbyterian women formed me theologically and made visible my call to serve God with my gifts. It was a woman. Dr. Mitzi Minor, who taught me Greek and helped me interpret the Apostle Paul’s words about women.

And it has been men and women in the denomination I cherish and have made vows to, The Presbyterian Church (USA), who have confirmed my call to ministry, to leadership and to service to God and God’s people. There are many stories of women in the Bible that I now understand through the lens of biblical criticism in socio-historical, rhetorical, literary, theological and hermeneutical contexts. Women played an enormous role in leadership and discipleship in the patriarchal era in which the biblical writings were first recorded. And in this present day, faithful women in the Presbyterian Church have been midwives to the call of God in my life.

My patriarchal father never did think that it was right for me to be a female minister. He never once heard me preach. But I will always remember, with great delight, that he cried tears of pride and joy the day I was ordained as Minister of Word and Sacrament.

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